A character set is a set of graphic, textual symbols, each of which is mapped to a set of nonnegative integers.
examples:
ASCII, ISO-8859-1 to ISO-8859-13 ISO-8859-15 (each set represent a different language set)
Unicode
An encoding maps a character set's code points to units of a specific width, and defines byte serialization and ordering rules.
example: UTF-8
UTF-8 unifies US-ASCII with Unicode.
http://java.sun.com/blueprints/guidelines/designing_enterprise_applications_2e/i18n/i18n2.html
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